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Metadata Files

Data Publication

Isotopic data of pyrite (δ34S) and barite (δ34S, δ18O) in the Canol Formation (Selwyn Basin, Canada)

Grema, Haruna M. | Magnall, Joseph M. | Whitehouse, Martin J. | Gleeson, Sarah A. | Schulz, Hans -M.

GFZ Data Services

(2021)

Descriptions

The stable isotopic composition of pyrite (δ34Spyrite) and barite (δ34Sbarite, δ18Obarite) in marine sedimentary rocks provides a valuable archive for reconstructing the biogeochemical processes that link the sulfur, carbon, and iron cycles. Highly positive δ34Spyrite values that exceed coeval unmodified seawater sulfate (δ34Spyrite > δ34SSO4(SW)), have been recorded in both modern sediments and ancient sedimentary records and are interpreted to result from various biotic and abiotic processes under a range of environmental conditions. A host of processes, including basin restriction, euxinia, low seawater sulfate, dissimilatory microbial sulfate reduction, sulfide reoxidation, and sulfur disproportionation, have been suggested to account for the formation of highly positive δ34Spyrite values in marine environments. Significantly, determining which of these factors was responsible for the pyrite formation is impeded by a lack of constraints for coeval sulfate, with relatively few examples available where δ34Spyrite and proxies for δ34Ssulfate values (e.g., barite) have been paired at high resolution. In the Selwyn Basin, Canada, the Late Devonian sedimentary system is host to large, mudstone-hosted bedded barite units. These barite units have been interpreted in the past as distal expressions of SEDEX mineralization. However, recent studies on similar settings have highlighted how barite may have formed by diagenetic processes before being subsequently replaced during hydrothermal sulfide mineralization. Coincidentally, highly positive δ34Sbarite values have been recorded in such barite occurring coevally with pyrite in diagenetic redox front, where sulfate reduction is coupled to anaerobic oxidation of methane (SR-AOM) at the sulfate methane transition zone (SMTZ). The mechanisms of sulfur cycling and concurrent processes are, nevertheless, poorly constrained. Grema et al. (2021) integrate high-resolution scanning electron microscopy petrography of barite (+ associated barium phases) and pyrite, together with microscale isotopic microanalyses of δ34Spyrite, δ34Sbarite, and δ18Obarite of selected samples from the Late Devonian Canol Formation of the Selwyn Basin. Samples containing both barite and pyrite were targeted to develop paired isotopic constraints on the evolution of sulfur during diagenesis. We have focused on the precise mechanism by which highly positive δ34Spyrite values developed in the Canol Formation and discuss the implications for interpreting sulfur isotopes in similar settings. This data report comprises microscale secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) analyses of the isotopic compositions of pyrite (δ34Spyrite; n= 200) and barite (δ34Sbarite; n= 485, δ18Obarite; n= 338) in nine stratigraphic sections of the Northwest Territories’ part of the Selwyn Basin. Microdrills of regions of interest (n= 54) were made on polished sections to obtain suitable subsamples, using a 4 mm diameter diamond core drill. Several representative subsamples were cast into 25 mm epoxy pucks, together with reference materials (RMs) of pyrite S0302A (δ34S V-CDT = 0.0 ± 0.2‰ (Liseroudi et al., 2021)) and barite S0327 (δ34SV-CDT = 11.0 ± 0.5 ‰; δ18OV-SMOW = 21.3 ± 0.2 ‰ (Magnall et al., 2016)). Microscale isotopic analyses were carried out using Cameca IMS1280 large-geometry secondary ion mass spectrometer (SIMS) operated in multi-collector mode at the NordSIMS laboratory, Stockholm, Sweden. External analytical reproducibility (1 σ) was typically ± 0.04‰ δ34S for pyrite, ± 0.15‰ δ34S, and ± 0.12‰ δ18O for barite. The sample identification, location, and depth are reported in the data files.

Keywords


Originally assigned keywords
Pyrite
Barite
in-situ isotope analyses
sulfur
microbial sulfate reduction
anaerobic oxidation of methane
Late Devonian
Selwyn Basin
biochemical process > anaerobic process
chemical > isotope
compound material > rock > sedimentary rock > generic mudstone > mudstone
EARTH SCIENCE > SOLID EARTH > GEOCHEMISTRY > GEOCHEMICAL PROCESSES > OXIDATION/REDUCTION
EARTH SCIENCE > SOLID EARTH > GEOCHEMISTRY > GEOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES > ISOTOPE MEASUREMENTS
EARTH SCIENCE > SOLID EARTH > ROCKS/MINERALS/CRYSTALS > MINERALS > MINERAL PHYSICAL/OPTICAL PROPERTIES > COMPOSITION/TEXTURE
In Situ/Laboratory Instruments > Spectrometers/Radiometers > SIMS
Phanerozoic > Paleozoic > Devonian > Late/Upper Devonian

Corresponding MSL vocabulary keywords
pyrite
sulfur
sulphur

MSL enriched keywords
minerals
sulfide minerals
pyrite
chemical elements
sulfur
measured property
sulphur
sedimentary rock
mudstone
carbon
diamond
iron
Phanerozoic
Paleozoic
Devonian
analysis
isotopic analysis
equipment
mass spectrometer
secondary ionization mass spectrometer
barium
carbon (C)
methane
iron
sulphate
Apparatus
electron microscopy

MSL enriched sub domains i

geochemistry
microscopy and tomography

Source

https://dataservices.gfz-potsdam.de/panmetaworks/showshort.php?id=2b55b861-f511-11eb-9603-497c92695674

Source publisher

GFZ Data Services


DOI

10.5880/gfz.3.1.2021.006


Creators

Grema, Haruna M.

GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany; Institute of Geological Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany | Institute of Geological Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany

ORCID:

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3191-3307

Magnall, Joseph M.

GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany

ORCID:

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7868-3038

Whitehouse, Martin J.

Department of Geosciences, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden

ORCID:

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2227-577X

Gleeson, Sarah A.

GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany; Institute of Geological Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany | Institute of Geological Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany

ORCID:

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5314-4281

Schulz, Hans -M.

GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany

ORCID:

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9192-8626


Contributors

Grema, Haruna M.

ContactPerson

GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany; Institute of Geological Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany | Institute of Geological Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany

ORCID:

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3191-3307

Grema, Haruna M.

DataCollector

GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany; Institute of Geological Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany | Institute of Geological Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany

ORCID:

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3191-3307

Magnall, Joseph M.

ProjectManager

GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany

ORCID:

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7868-3038

Whitehouse, Martin J.

DataCollector

Department of Geosciences, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden

ORCID:

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2227-577X

Gleeson, Sarah A.

Supervisor

GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany; Institute of Geological Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany | Institute of Geological Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany

ORCID:

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5314-4281

Schulz, Hans -M.

ProjectManager

GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany

ORCID:

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9192-8626

NORDSIM Laboratory (Swedish Museum Of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden)

HostingInstitution

Department of Geosciences at the Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden

Grema, Haruna M.

ContactPerson

GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany; Institute of Geological Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany


References

10.3389/feart.2021.784824

10.1144/jgs2020-175

10.1016/j.gca.2016.02.015


Citation

Grema, H. M., Magnall, J. M., Whitehouse, M. J., Gleeson, S. A., & Schulz, H.-M. (2021). Isotopic data of pyrite (δ34S) and barite (δ34S, δ18O) in the Canol Formation (Selwyn Basin, Canada) [Data set]. GFZ Data Services. https://doi.org/10.5880/GFZ.3.1.2021.006


Dates

Created:

2021

Issued:

2021


Funding References

Funder name: Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst

Funder identifier: https://doi.org/10.13039/501100001655

Funder identifier type: Crossref Funder ID

Award number: 57473408

Award title: Nigerian-German postgraduate training program 2019

Funder name: Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft

Funder identifier: https://doi.org/10.13039/501100001656

Funder identifier type: Crossref Funder ID

Award title: Helmholtz Recruitment Initiative


Rights

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International


Geo location(s)

Selwyn Basin, Northwestern Territories, Canada


Spatial coordinates