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Metadata Files

Data Publication

Supplement to: A global rate of denudation from cosmogenic nuclides in Earth’s largest rivers

Wittmann, Hella | Oelze, Marcus | Gaillardet, Jerome | Garzanti, Eduardo | von Blanckenburg, Friedhelm

GFZ Data Services

(2020)

Descriptions

Sampling large river´s sediment at outlets for cosmogenic nuclide analysis yields mean denudation rates of the sediment producing areas that average local variations in denudation commonly found in small rivers. Using this approach, we measured in situ cosmogenic 26Al and 10Be concentrations in sands of >50 large rivers over a range of climatic and tectonic regimes covering 32% of Earth’s terrestrial surface. River samples were processed in the Helmholtz Laboratory for the Geochemistry of the Earth Surface (HELGES) (von Blanckenburg et al., 2016). 10Be/9Be ratios were measured by Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) at the University of Cologne and normalized to the KN01-6-2 and KN01-5-3 standards. Denudation rates were calculated using a time-dependent scaling scheme according to Lal/Stone ”Lm” scaling (see Balco et al., 2008) together with a sea level high latitude (SLHL) production rate of 4.13 at/(gxyr) as reported by Martin et al. (2017). Measured in the mineral quartz, the cosmogenic nuclides 26Al and 10Be provide information on how fast Earth´s surface is lowering through denudation. If sediment is however stored in catchments over time spans similar to the nuclides half-lives (being 0.7 Myr and 1.4 Myr for 26Al and 10Be, respectively), the nuclide´s budget is disturbed, and meaningful denudation rates cannot be calculated. The ratio of 26Al/10Be informs us about these disturbances. In 35% of analyzed rivers, we find 26Al/10Be ratios significantly lower than these nuclides´ surface production rate ratio of 6.75 in quartz, indicating sediment storage and burial exceeding 0.5 Myr. We invoke mainly a combination of slow erosion, long transport, and low runoff for these low ratios. In the other 65% of rivers we find 26Al/10Be ratios within uncertainty of their surface production-rate ratio, indicating cosmogenic steady state, and hence meaningful denudation rates can be calculated. For these rivers, we derive a global source-area denudation rate of 140 t/km^2/yr that translates to a flux of 3.10 Gt/yr. By assuming that this sub-dataset is geomorphically representative of the global land surface, we upscale this value to the total surface area for exorheic basins, thereby obtaining a global denudation flux from cosmogenic nuclides of 15.1 Gt/yr that integrates over the past 5 kyr. In Table S1, we provide detailed 10Be nuclide production rates and their correction due to ice shielding and carbonates that are necessary to calculate denudation rates. We provide International GeoSample Numbers (ISGN) for samples used in the analysis, except values that were compiled from published sources. We then compare these denudation rates, converted to sediment fluxes, to published values of sediment fluxes from river load gauging. We find that our cosmogenic nuclide-derived sediment flux value is similar, within uncertainty, to published values from cosmogenic nuclides from small river basins (23 Gt/yr) upscaled using a global slope model, and modern sediment and dissolved loads exported to the oceans (23.6 Gt/yr). In Table S3, we compiled these modern sediment loads and give their references. We also compiled runoff values (mm/yr) from published sources (Table S2) that are used to infer what controls denudation rates. For more details on the sampling and analytical methods, please consult the data description part of this publication.

Keywords


Originally assigned keywords
cosmogenic nuclides
denudation rate
EARTH SCIENCE > CLIMATE INDICATORS > PALEOCLIMATE INDICATORS > BERYLLIUM-10 ANALYSIS
EARTH SCIENCE > SOLID EARTH > GEOCHEMISTRY > GEOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES > ISOTOPE RATIOS
EARTH SCIENCE > SOLID EARTH > GEOMORPHIC LANDFORMS/PROCESSES > FLUVIAL PROCESSES > SEDIMENTATION > SEDIMENT CHEMISTRY
EARTH SCIENCE > SOLID EARTH > GEOMORPHIC LANDFORMS/PROCESSES

MSL enriched keywords
minerals
oxide mineral
ice
carbonate minerals
silicate minerals
tectosilicates
quartz
equipment
mass spectrometer
accelerator mass spectrometer

MSL enriched sub domains i

geochemistry

Source

https://dataservices.gfz-potsdam.de/panmetaworks/showshort.php?id=escidoc:4909897

Source publisher

GFZ Data Services


DOI

10.5880/gfz.3.3.2020.001


Creators

Wittmann, Hella

GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany

ORCID:

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1252-7059

Oelze, Marcus

GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany

ORCID:

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3950-6629

Gaillardet, Jerome

Institut de physique du globe de Paris (IPGP), Paris, France

ORCID:

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7982-1159

Garzanti, Eduardo

University of Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy

ORCID:

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8638-9322

von Blanckenburg, Friedhelm

GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany | Institute of Geological Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany

ORCID:

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2964-717X


Contributors

Wittmann, Hella

DataCollector

GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany

ORCID:

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1252-7059

Oelze, Marcus

Researcher

GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany

ORCID:

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3950-6629

Gaillardet, Jerome

Researcher

Institut de physique du globe de Paris (IPGP), Paris, France

ORCID:

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7982-1159

Garzanti, Eduardo

Researcher

University of Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy

ORCID:

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8638-9322

von Blanckenburg, Friedhelm

Researcher

GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany | Institute of Geological Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany

ORCID:

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2964-717X


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Citation

Wittmann, H., Oelze, M., Gaillardet, J., Garzanti, E., & von Blanckenburg, F. (2020). Supplement to: A global rate of denudation from cosmogenic nuclides in Earth’s largest rivers [Data set]. GFZ Data Services. https://doi.org/10.5880/GFZ.3.3.2020.001


Dates

Issued:

2020


Language

en


Rights

CC BY 4.0


Spatial coordinates