Digital image correlation data from laboratory subduction megathrust models

Kosari, Ehsan; Rosenau, Matthias; Oncken, Onno;

2022-05 || GFZ Data Services

This data set includes digital image correlation data from analog earthquakes experiments. The data consists of grids of surface strain and time series of surface displacement (horizontal and vertical) and strain. The data have been derived using a stereo camera setup and processed with LaVision Davis 10 software. Detailed descriptions of the experiments and results regarding the surface pattern of the strain can be found in Kosari et al. (2022), to which this data set is supplementary.

We use an analog seismotectonic scale model approach (Rosenau et al., 2019 and 2017) to generate a catalog of analog megathrust earthquakes (Table 1). The presented experimental setup is modified from the 3D setup used in Rosenau et al. (2019) and Kosari et al. ( 2020). The subduction forearc model wedge is set up in a glass-sided box (1000 mm across strike, 800mm along strike, and 300 mm deep) with a dipping, elastic basal conveyor belt and a rigid backwall. An elastoplastic sand-rubber mixture (50 vol.% quartz sandG12: 50 vol.% EPDM rubber) is sieved into the setup representing a 240 km long forearc segment from the trench to the volcanic arc. The shallow part of the wedge includes a basal layer of sticky rice grains characterized by unstable stick-slip sliding representing the seismogenic zone. Stick-slip sliding in rice is governed by a rate-and-state dependent friction law similar to natural rocks. According to Coulomb wedge theory (Dahlen et al., 1984), two types of wedge configurations have been designed: a “compressional” configuration represents an interseismically compressional and coseismically stable wedge (compressional configuration), and a “critical” configuration, which is interseismically stable (close to critically compressional) and may reach a critical extensional state coseismically (critical configuration). In the compressional configuration, a flat-top (surface slope α=0) wedge overlies a single large rectangular in map view stick-slip patch (Width*Length=200*800 mm) over a 15-degree dipping basal thrust. In the critical configuration, the surface angle of the elastoplastic wedge varies from the coastal segment onshore (α=10) to the inner-wedge offshore (α=15) segments over a 5-degree dipping basal thrust. Slow continuous compression of the wedge by moving the basal conveyor belt at a speed velocity of 0.05 mm/s simulates plate convergence and results in the quasi-periodic nucleation of quasi-periodic stick-slip events (analog earthquakes) within the rice layer. The wedge responds elastically to these basal slip events, similar to crustal rebound during natural subduction megathrust earthquakes.

Originally assigned keywords

Corresponding MSL vocabulary keywords

MSL enriched keywords

Originally assigned sub domains
  • analogue modelling of geologic processes
MSL enriched sub domains
  • analogue modelling of geologic processes
  • rock and melt physics
Source http://doi.org/10.5880/fidgeo.2022.015
Source publisher GFZ Data Services
DOI 10.5880/fidgeo.2022.015
License CC BY 4.0
Authors
  • Kosari, Ehsan
  • 0000-0002-1052-4997
  • GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
  • Rosenau, Matthias
  • 0000-0003-1134-5381
  • GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
  • Oncken, Onno
  • 0000-0002-2894-480X
  • GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
References
  • Kosari, E., Rosenau, M., & Oncken, O. (2022). Strain Signals Governed by Frictional‐Elastoplastic Interaction of the Upper Plate and Shallow Subduction Megathrust Interface Over Seismic Cycles. Tectonics, 41(5). Portico. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021tc007099
  • 10.1029/2021TC007099
  • IsSupplementTo
  • Adam, J., Urai, J. L., Wieneke, B., Oncken, O., Pfeiffer, K., Kukowski, N., Lohrmann, J., Hoth, S., van der Zee, W., & Schmatz, J. (2005). Shear localisation and strain distribution during tectonic faulting—new insights from granular-flow experiments and high-resolution optical image correlation techniques. Journal of Structural Geology, 27(2), 283–301. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsg.2004.08.008
  • 10.1016/j.jsg.2004.08.008
  • Cites
  • Kosari, E., Rosenau, M., Bedford, J., Rudolf, M., & Oncken, O. (2020). On the Relationship Between Offshore Geodetic Coverage and Slip Model Uncertainty: Analog Megathrust Earthquake Case Studies. Geophysical Research Letters, 47(15). Portico. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020gl088266
  • 10.1029/2020GL088266
  • Cites
  • Rosenau, M., Corbi, F., & Dominguez, S. (2017). Analogue earthquakes and seismic cycles: experimental modelling across timescales. Solid Earth, 8(3), 597–635. https://doi.org/10.5194/se-8-597-2017
  • 10.5194/se-8-597-2017
  • Cites
  • Rosenau, M., Horenko, I., Corbi, F., Rudolf, M., Kornhuber, R., & Oncken, O. (2019). Synchronization of Great Subduction Megathrust Earthquakes: Insights From Scale Model Analysis. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 124(4), 3646–3661. Portico. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018jb016597
  • 10.1029/2018JB016597
  • Cites
Contact
  • Kosari, Ehsan
  • GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
  • ehsan@gfz-potsdam.de
Citation Kosari, E., Rosenau, M., & Oncken, O. (2022). Digital image correlation data from laboratory subduction megathrust models [Data set]. GFZ Data Services. https://doi.org/10.5880/FIDGEO.2022.015