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Data Publication

Mechanical data and microstructures of simulated calcite fault gouge sheared at 550°C

Verberne, Berend Antonie | Chen, Jianye | Pennock, Gillian

GFZ Data Services

(2017)

The largest magnitude earthquakes nucleate at depths near the base of the seismogenic zone, near the transition from velocity weakening frictional slip to velocity strengthening ductile flow. However, the mechanisms controlling this transition, and relevant to earthquake nucleation, remain poorly understood. Here we present data from experiments investigating the effect of slip rate on the mechanical properties and microstructure development of simulated calcite fault gouge sheared at ~550°C, close to the transition from (unstable) velocity weakening to (stable) velocity strengthening behaviour, reported by Verberne et al. (2015). We conducted experiments at a constant effective normal stress (σneff) of 50 MPa, as well as σneff-stepping tests employing 20 MPa ≤ σneff ≤ 140 MPa, at constant sliding velocities (v) of 0.1, 1, 10, or 100 µm/s. Samples sheared at v ≥ 1 µm/s showed a microstructure characterized by a single, 30 to 40 μm wide boundary shear, as well as a linear correlation of shear strength (τ) with σneff. Remarkably, electron backscatter diffraction mapping of polygonal shear band grains demonstrated a crystallographic preferred orientation. By contrast, samples sheared at 0.1 µm/s showed a microstructure characterized by homogeneous deformation and plastic flow, as well as a flattening-off of the τ-σneff curve. Our results point to a strain rate dependent frictional-to-viscous transition in simulated calcite fault gouge, and have important implications for the processes controlling earthquake nucleation at the base of the seismogenic zone.

Keywords


Originally assigned keywords
EPOS
multiscale laboratories
rock and melt physical properties
European Plate Observing System
EARTHQUAKE OCCURRENCES
EARTHQUAKE MAGNITUDEINTENSITY
Optical Microscope
Scanning Electrone Microscope
Shear Box
Triaxial
brecciagougeseries
carbonatesedimentaryrock
calcite
Powder Mixture
Rock
Imposed Stress
Yield Strength
Axial strain gauge
Photography
Thermocouple

Corresponding MSL vocabulary keywords
optical microscopy
scanning electron microscope (SEM)
shear box
calcite
yield strength
yield strength
thermometer

MSL enriched keywords
Apparatus
optical microscopy
electron microscopy
scanning electron microscope (SEM)
Apparatus
analogue modelling
deformation experiments
shear box
minerals
carbonate minerals
calcite
Measured property
mechanical strength
yield strength
Measured property
mechanical strength
yield strength
Ancillary equipment
measurement of temperature
thermometer
fault rock
fault gouge
tectonic deformation structure
tectonic fault
Apparatus
deformation testing
shear testing
shear strength
friction - controlled slip rate
rate and state friction (RSF) parameters
friction - controlled stress
slip rate
strain
Inferred deformation behavior
deformation behaviour
frictional deformation
ductile deformation
localized deformation
shear band
shear strength
friction - controlled stress
slip rate
strain
Technique
crystal structure analysis
electron diffraction
electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD)
Analyzed feature
deformation microstructure
brittle microstructure
fault gouge microstructure
Y shear
grain size and configuration
crystallographic preferred orientation (CPO)

MSL original sub domains

rock and melt physics

MSL enriched sub domains i

rock and melt physics
microscopy and tomography
analogue modelling of geologic processes


Source publisher

GFZ Data Services


DOI

10.5880/fidgeo.2017.012


Authors

Verberne, Berend Antonie

0000-0002-1208-6193

High Pressure & Temperature Laboratory, Utrecht University

Chen, Jianye

0000-0002-5973-5293

High Pressure & Temperature Laboratory, Utrecht University

Pennock, Gillian

detail.uri?authorId=7006507017

Structural Geology & Tectonics, Utrecht University


References

Niemeijer, A. (2017). <i>Hydrothermal Friction data of gouges derived from the Alpine Fault</i> [Data set]. GFZ Data Services. https://doi.org/10.5880/ICDP.5052.002

10.5880/ICDP.5052.002

Cites

Verberne, B. A., Niemeijer, A. R., De Bresser, J. H. P., & Spiers, C. J. (2015). Mechanical behavior and microstructure of simulated calcite fault gouge sheared at 20–600°C: Implications for natural faults in limestones. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 120(12), 8169–8196. Portico. https://doi.org/10.1002/2015jb012292

10.1002/2015JB012292

References

Niemeijer, A. R., Boulton, C., Toy, V. G., Townend, J., & Sutherland, R. (2016). Large‐displacement, hydrothermal frictional properties of DFDP‐1 fault rocks, Alpine Fault, New Zealand: Implications for deep rupture propagation. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 121(2), 624–647. Portico. https://doi.org/10.1002/2015jb012593

10.1002/2015jb012593

References

Verberne, B. A., Chen, J., Niemeijer, A. R., de Bresser, J. H. P., Pennock, G. M., Drury, M. R., & Spiers, C. J. (2017). Microscale cavitation as a mechanism for nucleating earthquakes at the base of the seismogenic zone. Nature Communications, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-01843-3

10.1038/s41467-017-01843-3

IsSupplementTo


Contact

Verberne, Berend Antonie

b.a.verberne@uu.nl

High Pressure and Temperature Laboratory, Utrecht University


Citiation

Verberne, B. A., Chen, J., & Pennock, G. (2017). Mechanical data and microstructures of simulated calcite fault gouge sheared at 550°C [Data set]. GFZ Data Services. https://doi.org/10.5880/FIDGEO.2017.012