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Data Publication
Friction data of simulated fault gouges derived from the Groningen gas field
Hunfeld, Luuk | Niemeijer, André | Spiers, Christopher
GFZ Data Services
(2017)
We investigated the frictional properties of simulated fault gouges derived from the main lithologies present in the seismogenic Groningen gas field (NE Netherlands), employing in-situ P-T conditions and varying pore fluid salinity. Direct shear experiments were performed on gouges prepared from the Carboniferous Shale/Siltstone underburden, the Upper Rotliegend Slochteren Sandstone reservoir, the overlying Ten Boer Claystone, and the Basal Zechstein anhydrite-carbonate caprock, at 100 ºC, 40 MPa effective normal stress, and sliding velocities of 0.1-10 µm/s. As pore fluids, we used pure water, 0.5-6.2 M NaCl solutions, and a 6.9 M mixed chloride brine mimicking the formation water. Our results show a mechanical stratigraphy, with a maximum friction coefficient (µ) of ~0.65 for the Basal Zechstein, a minimum of ~0.37 for the Ten Boer claystone, ~0.6 for the reservoir sandstone, ~0.5 for the Carboniferous, and µ-values between the end-members for mixed gouges. Pore fluid salinity had no effect on frictional strength. Most gouges showed velocity-strengthening behavior, with little effect of pore fluid salinity on (a-b). However, Basal Zechstein gouge showed velocity-weakening at low salinities and/or sliding velocities, as did 50:50 mixtures with sandstone gouges, tested with the 6.9 M reservoir brine. From a Rate-and-State-Friction viewpoint, our results imply that faults incorporating Basal Zechstein anhydrite-carbonate material at the top of the reservoir are the most prone to accelerating slip, i.e. have the highest seismogenic potential. The results are equally relevant to other Dutch Rotliegend fields and to similar sequences globally. The data is provided in a .zip folder with 29 subfolders for 29 experiments/samples. Detailed information about the files in these subfolders as well as information on how the data is processed is given in the explanatory file Hunfeld-et-al-2017-Data-Description.pdf
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Source publisher
GFZ Data Services
DOI
10.5880/fidgeo.2017.014
Authors
Hunfeld, Luuk
0000-0001-9250-414X
HPT Laboratory, Department of Earth Sciences, Utrecht University, The Netherlands.
Niemeijer, André
0000-0003-3983-9308
HPT Laboratory, Department of Earth Sciences, Utrecht University, The Netherlands.
Spiers, Christopher
0000-0002-3436-8941
HPT Laboratory, Department of Earth Sciences, Utrecht University, The Netherlands.
References
Hunfeld, L. B., Niemeijer, A. R., & Spiers, C. J. (2017). Frictional Properties of Simulated Fault Gouges from the Seismogenic Groningen Gas Field Under In Situ P–T ‐Chemical Conditions. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 122(11), 8969–8989. Portico. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017jb014876
10.1002/2017JB014876
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Contact
Hunfeld, Luuk
l.b.hunfeld@uu.nl
HPT Laboratory, Department of Earth Sciences, Utrecht University, The Netherlands.
Citiation
Hunfeld, L., Niemeijer, A., & Spiers, C. (2017). Friction data of simulated fault gouges derived from the Groningen gas field [Data set]. GFZ Data Services. https://doi.org/10.5880/FIDGEO.2017.014