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Data Publication
Frictional slip weakening and shear-enhanced crystallinity in simulated coal fault gouges at subseismic slip rates
Jinfeng Liu | Luuk Bernd Hunfeld
Utrecht University
(2020)
Descriptions
We report seven velocity stepping (VS) and one slide-hold-slide (SHS) friction experiments performed on simulated fault gouges prepared from bituminous coal, collected from the upper Silesian Basin of Poland. These experiments were performed at 25-45 MPa effective normal stress and 100 ℃, employing sliding velocities of 0.1-100 μm/s, using a conventional triaxial apparatus plus direct shear assembly. All samples showed marked slip weakening behaviour at shear displacements beyond ~1-2 mm, from a peak friction coefficient approaching ~0.5 to (near) steady state values of ~0.3, regardless of effective normal stress or whether vacuum dry flooded with distilled (DI) water at 15 MPa pore fluid pressure. Analysis of both unsheared and sheared samples by means of microstructural observation, micro-area X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy suggests that the marked slip weakening behaviour can be attributed to the development of R-, B- and Y- shear bands, with internal shear-enhanced coal crystallinity development. The SHS experiment performed showed a transient peak healing (restrengthening) effect that increased with the logarithm of hold time at a linearized rate of ~0.006. We also determined the rate-dependence of steady state friction for all VS samples using a full rate and state friction approach. This showed a transition from velocity strengthening to velocity weakening at slip velocities >1 μm/s in the coal sample under vacuum dry conditions, but at >10 μm/s in coal samples exposed to DI water at 15 MPa pore pressure. This may be controlled by competition between dilatant granular flow and compaction enhanced by presence of water. Together with our previous work on frictional properties of coal-shale mixtures, our results imply that the presence of a weak, coal-dominated patch on faults that cut or smear-out coal seams may promote unstable, seismogenic slip behaviour, though the importance of this in enhancing either induced or natural seismicity depends on local conditions. The data is provided in a folder with 10 subfolders for 10 experiments/samples, including friction, XRD and Raman data. Detailed information about the files in these subfolders as well as information on how the data is processed is given in the explanatory file Fan-et-al-2020-Data-Description.pdf. Contact person is Dr. Jinfeng Liu - Sun Yat-Sen University- liujinf5@mail.sysu.edu.cn
Keywords
Originally assigned keywords
FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
rate-dependent friction
frictional healing
slip-weakening
coal maturity
coal molecular structure
Solid Earth > Rocks / Minerals / Crystals > Sedimentary Rocks > Coal
Spectroscopy > Raman
Scanning Electrone Microscope
Optical Microscope
X-Ray Diffractometer
Triaxial
coal
Composition
Friction
Friction > Imposed Slip > Slide-Hold-Slide
Friction > Imposed Slip > Rate-State
Thermocouple
EPOS
multi-scale laboratories
rock and melt physical properties
Corresponding MSL vocabulary keywords
frictional strength recovery
frictional strength recovery
scanning electron microscope (SEM)
optical microscopy
x-ray diffractometer
X-ray diffraction
coal
friction coefficient
frictional deformation
friction coefficient
thermometer
MSL enriched keywords
Measured property
friction - controlled slip rate
friction coefficient
frictional strength recovery
Measured property
friction - controlled slip rate
friction coefficient
frictional strength recovery
Apparatus
electron microscopy
scanning electron microscope (SEM)
optical microscopy
equipment
x-ray diffractometer
Technique
imaging (3D)
computed tomography (CT)
X-ray diffraction
sedimentary rock
coal
Inferred deformation behavior
deformation behaviour
frictional deformation
Ancillary equipment
measurement of temperature
thermometer
fault rock
fault gouge
slip weakening parameters
tectonic deformation structure
tectonic fault
mudstone
shale
bituminous coal
simulated fault gouge
liquid phase
water in pores
de-ionized water
Apparatus
deformation testing
compression testing
triaxial compression apparatus
conventional triaxial apparatus
shear testing
conventional triaxial apparatus: direct shear
peak friction coefficient
reactivation friction coefficient
rate and state friction (RSF) parameters
strain
pore fluid pressure
microphysical deformation mechanism
intergranular slip
peak friction coefficient
reactivation friction coefficient
rate and state friction (RSF) parameters
strain
pore fluid pressure
chemical and mineralogical analysis
Raman spectrometry - chemistry and mineralogy
crystal structure analysis
Raman spectrometry - crystal lattice
Analyzed feature
deformation microstructure
generic deformation microstructure
shear band foliation
Metadata
MSL enriched sub domains
rock and melt physics
analogue modelling of geologic processes
microscopy and tomography
geochemistry
Resource Type
Source publisher
| Utrecht University |
DOI
| 10.24416/uu01-48i5da |
Creators
| Jinfeng Liu |
| Personal |
| School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University | Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Geodynamics and Geohazards, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, China | Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhuhai, China |
| Luuk Bernd Hunfeld |
| Personal |
| Utrecht University |
Contributors
| Fan, Caiyuan |
| Personal |
| School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University |
| Fan, Caiyuan |
| Personal |
| School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University |
| Liu, Jinfeng |
| Personal |
| School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University | Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Geodynamics and Geohazards, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, China | Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhuhai, China |
| Liu, Jinfeng |
| Personal |
| School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University | Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Geodynamics and Geohazards, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, China | Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhuhai, China |
| Liu, Jinfeng |
| Personal |
| School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University | Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Geodynamics and Geohazards, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, China | Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhuhai, China |
| Hunfeld, Luuk Bernd |
| Personal |
| Utrecht University |
| Spiers, Christopher James |
| Personal |
| Utrecht University |
| Experimental rock deformation/HPT-Lab (Utrecht University, The Netherlands) |
| Personal |
| Utrecht University |
| of Earth Sciences and Engineering (Sun Yat-Sen University), School |
| Personal |
| Sun Yat-Sen University |
| Liu, Jinfeng |
| Personal |
| School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University | Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Geodynamics and Geohazards, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, China | Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhuhai, China |
Citation
Liu, J., & Hunfeld, L. B. (2020). Frictional slip weakening and shear-enhanced crystallinity in simulated coal fault gouges at subseismic slip rates. Utrecht University. https://doi.org/10.24416/UU01-48I5DA
References
Dates
| Issued | 2020-03-30T15:54:09 |
| Updated | 2024-07-12T11:07:34 |
| Collected | 2016-10-01/2020-01-31 |
Language
en
Funding References
| Funder Name | National Natural Science Foundation of China |
Rights
| Name | Open - freely retrievable |
| URI | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| Name | Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International |
| URI | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode |
| Identifier | cc-by-4.0 |
| Identifier Scheme | SPDX |
| Scheme URI | https://spdx.org/licenses/ |
Locations
Geo location(s)
49.96072880335346, 15.384399613612231, 51.57806093491139, 21.53674470471674
Coal samples were collected from Brzeszcze Mine (Seam 364), in the Upper Silesian Basin of Poland, Poland